St. James Missionary Baptist Church was founded in 1874 and is one of the oldest African American congregations in the city of Schulenburg. Members first met on the banks of a creek under the leadership of the Rev. S.T. Grant, and the congregation later constructed a church building on the northeast side of Schulenburg. The church functioned under the guidance of the Baptist Missionary and Educational Convention, and the congregation hosted many of the association's meetings. During the 1930s, the city of Schulenburg purchased the church's property, and the church building was relocated adjacent to Wolters Park.