Hastings-on-Hudson developed late as an incorporated village, officially becoming one in 1879, yet by then it was already an established community of 1,228 people that combined factory-town life along the river with farms, estates, summer houses, and growing commuter homes on the hills above. Its name has uncertain origins, though the most popular explanation credits William Saunders, a British immigrant and owner of the village's first factory, with naming it for the resemblance of the Palisades to cliffs near Hastings on England's south coast; until the early 20th century it was called Hastings-Upon-Hudson. Arrowheads and ancient trails suggest earlier Native American, probably Algonquin, camping and hunting, and in the 17th century the area became part of the Philipse family estate, which was broken up after the American Revolution because the family had sided with Britain. During the Revolution, Peter Post, whose tavern served both sides, warned American forces in September 1778 about a British-hired Hessian raiding party moving north from Yonkers, leading to an ambush near the Edgars farm in what became known as the Battle of Edgars Lane; beaten by the British for his role, he later became a major landowner. Washington Irving also speculated in local land between 1814 and 1817 but lost money. Water power first drew manufacturing to Hastings, and after the railroad arrived in 1849 industrialization expanded through axel and cable mills, sugar refineries, an asphalt paving block works, and a chemical plant, while quarrying from the 1830s supplied marble and granite for eastern seaboard building. The Croton Aqueduct, built in the 1840s to bring fresh water to Manhattan, follows a route that is now a public path through the village. Hastings also drew notable residents, including Giuseppe Garibaldi, David Farragut's family during the Civil War, painters Carl Brandt, George Harvey, and Jasper Cropsey, the scientist John William Draper's family, photographer Lewis Hine, architect Richmond Shreve, Jacques Lipchitz, Florenz Ziegfeld and Billie Burke, Frank Morgan, Leonard Rose, Jonathan Winters, Kenneth Clark, and at least four Nobel Prize winners. Its diversity endured over time: in 1930, 66% of its 7,097 residents were foreign born, mostly from Eastern Europe or the British Isles, and seventy-five years later the population was nearly the same while students' homes reflected 22 different foreign languages, with Spanish the largest share.