Fort Ontario was built by the English under Governor Shirley in 1755, captured and destroyed by the French under the Marquis of Montcalm in 1756, rebuilt by the English under Lord Amherst in 1759, destroyed by Americans in 1778, rebuilt by the English in 1782, surrendered by the English and garrisoned by the United States in 1796, captured and destroyed by an English fleet under Admiral Yeo in 1814, rebuilt of earth and timber by the United States from 1834 to 1842, rebuilt of stone and concrete by the United States from 1863 to 1870, and enlarged and built of brick by the United States from 1903 to 1905.