Mount Olive Baptist Church in Nassauville, Florida was established in 1870 by the descendants of West African-born Sam Hooper and his Native American wife. Sam, also known as I. Hupue, was over 100 years of age in 1864 and was the father of Moses Hooper, who was married to Laura Starratt. After registering with the Union at Fort Clinch, this band of Africans of Native American descent moved to the area called Nassau. The small wooden structure became the center of social activities for families in the community, and for a number of years the 50-seat church was the only church west of the Nassau River to Piney, Florida. The first structure stood a few yards from the present building, and the current structure was erected in 1920. The property was donated by David and Scheldonnia Brooks to the church's trustee board, which consisted of E. D. Blue, James E. Blue, Ben Johnson, Isaiah White, and Tony Milton. The pioneering mothers of the church were Luvenia Blue, Polly Psalms Blue, and Silla Brooks, and the last mother of the church was Luella Hooper Aikens, who died in 1993. In recognition of its historic significance, Mount Olive Missionary Baptist Church was officially listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 28, 1998 by the National Park Service, Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C.