By 1700 Comanches had moved south from the northern Rockies onto the plains of southern Colorado and northern New Mexico. From the late 1600s until 1779, they raided Apaches and Spanish settlements, until New Mexico Governor Don Juan Bautista de Anza decisively defeated a large group led by Cuerno Verde in a battle near the mountains southwest of here. The Comanches signed a peace treaty in 1786, and a year later they asked for Spanish assistance in building a permanent farm village. The Spanish supplied workmen, tools, farming implements, seed, and livestock to help found San Carlos de los Jupes, believed to have stood just west of here at the confluence of the Arkansas and San Carlos rivers, but Comanche religious beliefs led to its abandonment within a year after a tribe member died there. Although this early Spanish attempt to colonize Plains Indians failed, the Comanches were comparatively friendly toward New Mexican settlements thereafter.