Many old mills were powered by overshot water wheels, which were picturesque but difficult to maintain, but Prater’s Mill used three more modern underwater turbines. One of these, a Leffel-type patented in 1862, is still completely operational and continues to power one of the original pieces of milling equipment. The turbine sits at the bottom of the forebay below, and when gates around its circumference are opened, water flows into the casing, spinning the wickets and the large shaft that extends from the water up inside the mill. In the early 20th century, water power also operated an electric dynamo that generated enough electricity to provide lighting in the mill, making Prater’s Mill innovative before rural electrification reached the area.

Photo: Tom Bosse

Photo: Tom Bosse

Photo: Tom Bosse

Photo: Tom Bosse

Photo: Tom Bosse