MILITARY · HISTORICAL MARKER
Frank Lane Wolford
Military
5
Frank Lane Wolford (1817 - 1895), a native of Adair County, organized the 1st Kentucky Cavalry (US) in 1861. Though his men knew little about drill and discipline, they had the utmost confidence in Wolford, and he in them. The soldiers supplied their own horses and tack, and those unable to do so were docked a portion of pay until their obligations were met. Wolford told his men that a true soldier could not be a thief or marauder and believed the private property of friend and foe should be protected. Known as the Wild Riders, the 1st Kentucky fought at Wildcat Mountain, Mill Springs, and Perryville, but spent most of its time guarding Kentucky by protecting railroads, bridges, and supply depots. Confederate cavalry, including General John Hunt Morgan and his raiders, kept Union forces in Kentucky constantly on guard and in pursuit. Morgan's great raid was delayed on July 4, 1863, at the Battle of Tebbs Bend, after which Union General Ambrose E. Burnside ordered Generals Henry Hobson, James Shackelford, and Colonel Wolford to pursue Morgan and his command of 2,500 men. After 24 days of hard riding through Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio with few pauses and little to eat or drink, they finally captured Morgan and his few remaining men near Steubenville, Ohio. After Morgan's capture, Shackelford harshly berated him, but Wolford intervened and stopped the abusive language. In appreciation, Morgan gave Wolford his silver spurs, and Wolford treated Morgan to a chicken dinner at a nearby hotel before Morgan and some of his men were taken to the Ohio State Penitentiary. In 1864 Wolford was presented a sword in appreciation for his distinguished service, but he used the occasion to denounce Lincoln for the policy of enlisting African American soldiers. As a result, Wolford was dishonorably discharged. Lincoln offered to restore Wolford to his command if he would publicly tone down the hostile parts of his speech, but Wolford refused and bid the 1st Kentucky farewell. Wolford was considered one of the best criminal lawyers in the Green River region, fought in the Mexican War, served in the Kentucky House from 1847 - 1849 and 1865 - 1867, was Adjutant General from 1867 - 1871, served in the U.S. Congress from 1883 - 1887, and was buried in the Columbia Cemetery.
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