Elbert is a census-designated place (CDP) in Throckmorton County, Texas, United States. On State Highway 79 and Farm Road 1711 in eastern Throckmorton County, Elbert was established in the late 19th century as a ranching supply community to meet the needs of ranchers based to the north along the Brazos River. By 1904, Elbert had a post office, and by 1915, it had 30 residents and a gin operated by W. F. Parsley. From 1940 until 1990, Elbert reported a population of 150. Without a railroad, the town never experienced significant growth. In 2000, the population was 56, and in the 2020 census the population was 29.