American Eagle Flight 4184 departed Indianapolis at 2:55 PM CST on October 31, 1994, bound for Chicago's O'Hare International Airport, with 64 passengers and 4 crew members aboard the ATR-72 turboprop. Directed into a holding pattern because of delays in Chicago, the aircraft encountered severe icing conditions while circling, lost control, entered a high-speed dive, and crashed at 3:57:56 PM CST. There were no survivors. A National Transportation Safety Board investigation determined that ice buildup on the wings caused the loss of control. The people killed came from many backgrounds, beliefs, religions, and nationalities, and were remembered for their achievements, interests, talents, and potential. The disaster also led to humanitarian and technical changes that benefited air travelers and their families: research from the investigation improved understanding of icing hazards, airlines revised pilot training and procedures, manufacturers enhanced anti-icing systems, and aviation safety improved. Families of those aboard joined other advocates to seek better treatment for those left behind after such tragedies, helping build support for the Aviation Disaster Family Assistance Act of 1996, which requires air carriers to maintain plans for tasks such as training support personnel, notifying family members after an accident, and returning personal belongings, while designating the National Transportation Safety Board to coordinate post-accident support for all U.S. commercial aviation and passenger rail accidents.