After the U.S. entered World War II, the forced removal of nearly 120,000 Japanese Americans from the West Coast followed the Japanese Navy's attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941, and America's declaration of war on Japan the next day. Early the following year, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Orders 9066 and 9102. The first authorized the removal of all people of Japanese ancestry, including Japanese Americans, from the West Coast, and the second confined them to relocation centers. The U.S. Army carried out these orders and removed nearly 120,000 Japanese Americans from California, Oregon, and Washington. One-third of those forced to leave their homes were foreign-born, called Issei; many were more than 50 years old and prohibited from becoming citizens. The other two-thirds were American-born citizens, called Nisei; most were under 21 years old. They left behind jobs, pets, possessions, and community. The War Relocation Authority built ten Japanese American Relocation Centers in the United States, including Rohwer and Jerome in Arkansas. Construction began on the Rohwer camp in July 1942, the first internees arrived there in September 1942, and the camp closed on November 30, 1945. Artist Henry Sugimoto and his family lived at both Rohwer and Jerome, and while interned he painted, worked as an art consultant for the War Relocation Authority, and taught art at Denson High School.