Inspired to protect the beauty and diversity of Mount Desert Island from encroaching development, a passionate group of local and summer residents worked to conserve this landscape for public use. Artists, naturalists, philanthropists, and others encouraged land donations, land purchases, and federal protection, and they succeeded in establishing the first eastern national park, one of the few created almost entirely from land donated to the federal government. In 1903, George B. Dorr and Charles Eliot organized Hancock County Trustees of Public Reservations to acquire parcels of land on Mount Desert Island. In 1908, Mrs. Eliza Homan made the first major donation to the organization with The Beehive and Bowl on Champlain Mountain, and from 1908 to 1911 the summit area and most of the north, east, and west slopes of Cadillac Mountain were protected. Sieur de Monts National Monument was established in 1916, became Lafayette National Park in 1919, and in 1929 Lafayette National Park was renamed Acadia while Schoodic Peninsula was donated to the park. From 1917 to 1940, John D. Rockefeller Jr. built more than 50 miles of carriage roads in the park and donated them to Acadia, and in 1932 construction of the Cadillac Mountain motor road was completed. In 1971, the first conservation easement was conveyed to the park, and today conservation easements protect more than 12,000 acres of private land around Acadia National Park. Friends of Acadia was established in 1986 as a nonprofit membership organization benefiting Acadia through philanthropy and volunteerism, and in 1999 Island Explorer propane powered shuttle bus service began, reducing pollution and congestion in the park. In 2011, the former US Navy base in Winter Harbor, Maine, was renovated and reopened as the Schoodic Education and Research Center in Acadia National Park.