Hilgard Peak is an 11,321-foot mountain in Montana and the highest point in the Madison Range. Rising in a remote section of the Lee Metcalf Wilderness within the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest, it is notable both for its prominence in the range and for its association with western exploration and science. The mountain was first climbed in 1948. Its name honors E. W. Hilgard, a geology professor who participated in the Hayden Expedition as it explored the Yellowstone area.