Between 150 B.C. and 300 A.D., O'Fallon was part of a city market where streets would have been lined with merchants offering ornate serving bowls and cooking vessels, hunting gear, tools such as granite celts for cutting trees, jewelry including bone ear-spools and shell necklaces, art objects such as a carved wooden spoon-bill duck and pottery figurines, and religious items including a carved bone representation of God. People likely came there to meet friends, seek crafts or ceremonial items, find household accessories or clothing, and perhaps obtain prepared food. Archaeologists have recovered evidence of wild game including elk, fish, waterfowl, and mussels, along with wild and cultivated plants such as hazelnuts, hickory nuts, acorns, walnuts, maygrass, goosefoot, knotweek, and sunflowers. Goods were obtained through barter using crafted items, surplus food, or trade goods, and popular exchange items included copper ornaments from the Great Lakes, marine shell beads from the Gulf of Mexico, and obsidian from Yellowstone National Park. Burlington chert was quarried at O'Fallon and traded across a wide area because it could be worked into many extremely sharp tools. Native Americans associated the north with cold, the colors blue and purple, and with trouble and defeat.