Grenier Army Air Field in Manchester and Londonderry operated from 1941 to 1966 and was named for Lt. Jean Grenier, an Army Air Corps pilot killed while flying mail in Utah in 1934. During World War II, more than 52,000 crewmembers received final training there in more than 9,000 B-17, B-24, and other combat aircraft en route to Europe. It was also home to the NH Air National Guard and Air Force Reserves. New Boston Air Force Station in New Boston began in 1942 as a bombing and gunnery range for Grenier Field, was converted to a satellite tracking station in 1960, and became home to the 23rd Space Operations Squadron, Air Force Space Command, in 1991. Pease Air Force Base in Portsmith and Newington operated from 1956 to 1991 and was named for Capt. Hari Pease, a B-17 pilot killed in New Guinea in 1942 and the second Army Air Forces member awarded the Medal of Honor in World War II. It was built for Strategic Air Command for the B-47 and KC-97 aircraft of the 100th Bomb Wing, and the historic 509th Bomb Wing arrived in 1958 and later converted to B-52, KC-135, and FB-111 aircraft. The NH Air National Guard relocated there from Grenier Field in 1966, flying the C-124, then converting to the C-130 in 1972 and the KC-135 in 1975. Pease Air National Guard Base in Portsmith and Newington began in 1991, and the 157th Air Refueling Wing became part of Air Mobility Command.