Each autumn Assateague Island is a refuge for migrating tundra peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus tundrius). In 1938, falconer and conservationist Alva G. Nye, Jr. confirmed the presence here of this previously-unrecognized race of peregrines. During September and October they travel from breeding grounds in the Arctic to wintering areas in Central and South America. Since 1939 the research efforts of falconers and raptor biologists on Assateague have provided an invaluable population index of the magnificent predator. Persecuted until the 1960’s, peregrines are hunters of small birds and waterfowl. Identified by their long, pointed wings and rapid, powerful wingbeat, they may be observed in flight or sitting on the beach.