Pittsburgh Botanic Garden near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, spans 460 acres and developed from a regional horticultural effort begun in 1988. After Allegheny County leased former McGill farm land in 1998, years of planning and reclamation transformed a landscape damaged by coal mining, unstable ground, and acid mine drainage. Flooding during Hurricane Ivan in 2004 exposed the severity of those problems and led to major environmental repairs, water-treatment systems, and land stabilization. The garden opened in phases in 2014 and 2015, combining display gardens, woodlands, trails, and reforestation with preserved historic features, while serving both as a public garden and a long-term restoration project.