Coal mined in this region was transformed into coke in beehive ovens. Almost pure carbon, coke burned hotter than coal and was crucial to Pittsburgh's steel making. One of the largest coking complexes was Adelaide, founded by Henry Clay Frick in 1888 and named for his wife. By 1910 it included a coal mine, 375 coke ovens, and housing for employees, stretching from this area to nearly one mile downstream, where a few partial ovens remain. In 1916, at peak production, 223,908 tons of coal were mined here and reduced to 149,270 tons of coke. Men used fourteen-tine coke forks to transfer steaming coke into wheelbarrows, which were then dumped into waiting railroad cars for shipment to blast furnaces. Coal was emptied from lorry wagons into the hot ovens, the front openings were bricked up to control the burn, and two or three days later the finished coke was pulled out. By 1910, 44,252 of Pennsylvania's 55,166 coke ovens were located in the Connellsville Coke Region, which from the late 1800s into the early 1900s was the world's coke-producing center.