The Museum of Southwestern Biology, part of the University of New Mexico's Department of Biology, serves primarily as a research and teaching collection rather than a conventional public gallery. Its holdings include vascular plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates from the American West, Central and South America, and other regions. Especially significant is its frozen tissue collection, believed to be the largest in the western hemisphere, with more than 500,000 samples preserved for research. These collections support work in biodiversity, evolution, disease ecology, and the study of emerging zoonotic pathogens, while also contributing to the description of several mammal species.