HISTORY · HISTORICAL MARKER
The Wahkpa Chu'gn Buffalo Jump
History
10
Indian people have lived in this area for at least 11,000 years, and throughout that time buffalo were their primary source of food. They devised ingenious ways to hunt buffalo, with the buffalo jump, or pishkun, the best known. At pishkuns, hunters drove buffalo over steep bluffs or cliffs, where the animals were either killed outright by the fall or badly crippled. Hunters sometimes constructed simple corral-like enclosures at the base of the bluffs to contain the crippled animals until they could be killed using either the atlatl or bow and arrow. A series of buffalo jumps once stood along the steep bluffs overlooking the Milk River west of Havre. The Great Northern Railway destroyed three of them when it constructed its line through here in 1887. Today only the Wahkpa Chu'gn buffalo jump remains. For over 2,500 years, Indian peoples used Wahkpa Chu'gn as a pishkun, and it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
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