James Franklin Doughty Lanier was one of Madison’s most prominent citizens, a pioneer and respected banker and financier who hired architect Francis Costigan to design his mansion on the Ohio River, an outstanding example of Greek Revival architecture that is considered Madison's finest architectural jewel. Costigan came to Madison from Baltimore, MD, in the mid-1830s and practiced there until 1851, when he moved to Indianapolis. Below the mansion are recreated 19th century gardens. The house is a National Historic Landmark, is open to the public, and is also used in local ceremonies and festivities. Costigan also designed other Madison homes and buildings, including the Shrewsbury-Windle House and several fine residences, and his own home on West Third Street is owned by Historic Madison, Inc., and is open to the public. After Lanier moved to New York City, he made unsecured loans of over $1 million to Governor Oliver P. Morton to outfit Indiana troops and cover the state's interest payments during the Civil War, and the state repaid all of the money with interest.