MILITARY · HISTORICAL MARKER
Presidio Nuestra Señora de los Dolores de los Tejas
Military
2
On April 25, 1716, Captain Domingo Ramón embarked on an expedition from Presidio San Juan Bautista, crossed the Rio Grande with more than seventy people, and established Presidio Nuestra Señora de los Dolores de los Tejas as part of a permanent Spanish settlement in the province of Texas, with a fort and a chain of missions among the Tejas Indians of the Caddo Confederacy in East Texas. French trading with the Caddo Indians was heavy by 1716, and after a French attack on Mission San Miguel in 1719, the Spanish abandoned Presidio Dolores and the missions. When Spanish and French tensions eased in 1721, the Marquis de San Miguel de Aguayo, the new Spanish Governor, reestablished Presidio Dolores and the six missions. Sketches showed a square-shaped fort with two bastions on opposite corners, an interior plaza with small houses along its perimeter, and a chapel near the south bulwark. After a 1727 Spanish military review, Presidio Dolores was closed in 1729 and the three nearby western missions were abandoned in 1730. Presidio Dolores was the first presidio in the province of Texas, the first Spanish settlement there to have women and children, and its established status helped displace French ownership claims over Texas.
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