In the 1800s, Santa Fe became a hub of international trade as materials from European and U.S. manufacturers arrived from the east, goods from central Mexico and South America came from the south, and products were traded at western ports for livestock and supplies. The exchange of Spanish, American Indian, Mexican, and U.S. cultures inspired uniquely New Mexican art through a blending of American materials and designs with traditional Spanish arts and crafts, and the influence of the trails remains visible in Santa Fe’s cultural practices and art. Along the Old Spanish Trail from 1829 to 1848, woolen goods from New Mexico were in high demand in the markets and ports of Los Angeles, and California-bred horses and mules were transported back to Santa Fe. Along El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro from 1598 to 1880, Spanish colonialism influenced American Indian art by introducing artistic styles and religious symbolism from Europe, Asia, and Central America, while trail commerce introduced American Indian art around the world. Along the Santa Fe Trail from 1821 to 1880, tin containers and machine-woven textiles began to be used in Santa Fe art after trade introduced new materials from eastern markets to Mexico, and trade increased when Santa Fe became part of the United States in 1848. Wagon trains also carved deep ruts into Museum Hill as each loaded wagon packed the earth and trail bed more deeply, forming swales that remain visible today. Tin cans, machine-woven cloths, and other manufactured goods were recycled in traditional arts, and designs and symbols were inspired by the cultural exchange along the trails.