Following the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, when American pioneers attempted to settle the area north and west of the Ohio River, Indians in the Ohio Country, aided by the British in Canada, fought valiantly and fiercely for their homes and set the frontier aflame. It took the efforts of three American armies to break Indian resistance to American occupation. In 1790, the first army under Gen. Josiah Harmar was defeated at the Miami Towns at Fort Wayne, Indiana. In 1791, the second under Gov. Arthur St. Clair was surprised and repulsed with severe losses on the banks of the Wabash at Fort Recovery, Ohio. Finally, on August 20, 1794, the Legion of the United States under Gen. "Mad" Anthony Wayne achieved a decisive victory at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. That triumph resulted in the Treaty of Greene Ville on August 3, 1795, which placed the Indians under the control of the United States, left the Northwest Territory firmly in U.S. hands, and opened part of it to American white settlement as the future states of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Illinois, and part of Minnesota, were to be formed from it.