HISTORY · HISTORICAL MARKER
At the End of the Road
Odenton, Maryland
· A Look Back into African American History
History
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At the end of Conway Road stood a small community established by Quakers in the 1790s that later evolved into the predominantly African American enclave of Wilsontown. Like other agrarian settlements in Anne Arundel County in the 1800s, it grew around a shared resource, here the Indian Springs Meeting House, built by Quakers in 1792 west of the railroad tracks later laid in the 1860s for the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad. Because Quakers were known for strong abolitionist beliefs, they welcomed free Blacks to use the meeting house for worship and schooling, and the community probably also provided a safe haven along the Underground Railroad. After the Civil War, residents organized the Forks African Methodist Episcopal Church, which took ownership of the meeting house in 1872. In 1888, Quaker Rachel Tyson deeded 77 acres to African American brothers Isaiah, John, and Dennis Wilson, and the railroad's proximity brought transportation to Washington, Baltimore, and Annapolis as well as jobs for Wilsontown residents, who worked mending tracks, serving as porters, and in railroad warehouses. In 1942, areas of Wilsontown northwest of the railroad were acquired by the U.S. Government to expand Fort Meade during World War II, and in 1991 the property was transferred to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as part of the Patuxent Research Refuge. Some of the original Wilson property, including the sites of Isaiah's home and the original Quaker meeting house and Forks Church, lies within the refuge. One surviving building remains tied to Wilsontown's history as a 19th-century African American enclave: the church at the end of Conway Road, built in 1942 for a congregation tracing its lineage to the free Blacks who worshiped at Indian Springs Meeting House. Organized in 1869 as Forks AME Zion, named for its location between the forks of the Patuxent and Little Patuxent rivers, the congregation took possession of the meeting house in 1872, built a new sanctuary on its foundation in 1908, lost that property in 1942 through eminent domain, and used the compensation to buy six acres for the present church, now called St. John AME Zion. A small cemetery near the original meeting house site contains members of both congregations and reflects the close relationship between Quakers and freed African Americans, including Ariana Wilson, wife of Isaiah Wilson, one of Wilsontown's original founders.
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