HISTORY · HISTORICAL MARKER
Winecoff Memorial
Bainbridge, Georgia
· Winecoff Hotel Fire — December 7, 1946
History
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The Winecoff Hotel fire of December 7, 1946, was the deadliest hotel fire in United States history, killing 119 hotel occupants, including seven Bainbridge High School students and their teacher, Miss Mary Davis, who were in Atlanta for the annual Youth Assembly at the Georgia State Capital sponsored by the YMCA. Located at 176 Peachtree Street in downtown Atlanta, the hotel had been built under 1911 building codes and classified as fireproof because its steel frame was protected and its roof and floors were concrete with protected steel beams and girders, yet it had no automatic sprinkler system, no fire doors, no exterior fire escapes, combustible interior finishes, and only a single stairway serving all fifteen floors. The fire began on the third floor, trapping all occupants above that point, and survivors were either rescued from upper-story windows or jumped into nets held by firemen. The Bainbridge students and Miss Davis were on the ninth floor, while a few older boys from Bainbridge High had been sent to the nearby Piedmont Hotel because of a hotel mix-up. Firefighters responded with thirty-two engines, five aerial-ladders, six city service ladder trucks, and other support vehicles totaling forty-nine pieces of fire service apparatus, but their ladders reached only the seventh floor. In all, 119 people were killed and more than 100 were injured, and the cause of the fire remains unknown. The older boys who stayed at the Piedmont had to identify their classmates' bodies, school was canceled the following week for the funerals, the students were buried at Oak City Cemetery with their families, and Miss Davis was returned to her home in Alabama. The disaster spurred significant changes in North American building codes, especially requirements for multiple protected means of egress and self-closing fire-resistive doors for hotel guest rooms.
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