Toqua was a major town on the Little Tennessee River in present-day Monroe County, Tennessee, first flourishing as a Mississippian village and later as an Overhill Cherokee town. Around 1400 it ranked among the dominant communities in the valley, with a central plaza, two mounds, defensive palisades, and a population of perhaps 250 to 300. By 1751 it appears in Cherokee records, and in 1761 Henry Timberlake found houses and a councilhouse atop the older mound. Destroyed in 1788, Toqua later became archaeologically important for evidence of both Mississippian and Cherokee occupation, though continuous settlement between them could not be proved before the site was flooded in 1979.