In 1906, the discovery of oil and gas in northwest Louisiana brought another surge in the fortunes and population of north Caddo Parish. Logging in the 1880s and railroads in the 1890s had already transformed the area by toppling acres of pine forests, laying miles of railroad track, and scattering fledgling villages and towns along the lines. As oil wells gushed, roughnecks and roustabouts poured in, followed by families living in tents and makeshift shanties, while land agents, speculators, and merchants sought opportunity in the growing settlements. The boom affected towns unevenly: Trees, established on Joe Trees's land, rose, declined, and nearly vanished, while Vivian doubled in population between 1900 and 1910, added 92 new homes in 1911, and experienced another oil-driven boom in the 1930s.