Many American Indian nations lived in what is now Missouri, from the early Woodland and Mississippian cultures to later tribes encountered by Europeans, and their history in the region was often marked by migration into the area followed by forced removal to reservations in Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska. The Lewis and Clark Expedition had little contact with Indians in Missouri in 1804 and 1806, though it met Kickapoo, encountered an Indian woman with fur traders, and traveled along a Missouri River that may have formed a boundary between rival tribes such as the Osage and Sauk and Fox. The Quapaw moved from the Ohio River valley to villages near the meeting of the Arkansas and Mississippi rivers, lost much oral history after smallpox, were first met by Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet, and ceded their lands before ending up in Oklahoma. The Sauk and Fox expanded into Missouri from Wisconsin, Iowa, and Illinois, were linked to pictographs on Missouri River bluffs, fought the Osage, and under Black Hawk fought Americans during the War of 1812 before later living in Kansas and Nebraska. The Peoria, the largest tribe of the Illiniwek Confederacy, once lived in northeast Missouri, farmed corn, beans, and squash, hunted bison, deer, and bear, and later lost lands in Illinois and Kansas before moving to Oklahoma. The Missouri Indians, whose name survives in the river and state, lived for centuries near a hilltop in today's Van Meter State Park, used surrounding rivers, wetlands, woodlands, prairie, and creek bottoms, and were so reduced by war with the Sauk that survivors took protection under the Oto before the combined tribes later lived in Oklahoma. Shawnee migration brought nearly 1,400 Absentee Shawnee to Missouri around 1790, while later removals and shrinking reservations pushed Shawnee groups to Kansas and then Oklahoma, where federal recognition was eventually regained by the Kansas Shawnee. The Kickapoo, after movements driven by conflict and trade from the Great Lakes through Wisconsin, Illinois, and Indiana, supplied the expedition in 1804 and were later relocated by the U.S. government to Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas, while one group settled in Mexico. The Delaware, originally from the eastern seaboard, were forced west early, and one Absentee Delaware band moved with Shawnee to Missouri around 1790; Lewis and Clark encountered Delaware and Shawnee together, and two recognized Delaware tribes now live in Oklahoma. The Iowa lived in present-day Iowa and northern Missouri, were related to the Missouri, Oto, and Winnebago, were relocated under the Indian Removal Act of 1830, and today maintain a reservation on the Kansas-Nebraska border. The Absentee Shawnee were brought by Spanish authorities to southeast Missouri as a buffer against the Osage and against British and American expansion, and later lived in Oklahoma. The Kansa, whose early site was found near the Kansas River, may have migrated west from the Ohio River before separating from related tribes, and now live in Oklahoma. The Osage, the most powerful Indian nation in Missouri, controlled much of the lower Missouri fur trade, dealt directly with the expedition and later with Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, and lost land by successive treaties before removal to Indian Territory. The expedition also carried trade goods intended to befriend tribes, promote peace, assert American authority after the Louisiana Purchase, and support the fur trade.