After Jacksonville’s motion picture activity flourished from 1908 through 1916 and then largely faded by the early 1920s, Richard, Bruce, and Earl Norman continued producing silent films on Laura Street in Springfield. After Earl’s death in 1919, Bruce moved on to other enterprises, while Richard Norman secured a lasting place in movie history. In 1922 he bought the former Eagle Film City property in Arlington, Florida, and, recognizing the demand for non-derogatory films for African-American audiences, his Norman Film Manufacturing Company produced full-length adventure films with all-black casts and professionally trained actors. At a time when mainstream movies stereotyped and demeaned blacks, his films presented black characters as heroes and heroines, leaders and lovers. Several films, including Regeneration and The Flying Ace, were shot in Arlington. The Flying Ace, the only known surviving Norman film, starred Lawrence Criner and Kathryn Boyd, two leading black actors of their day, and was promoted as "the greatest airplane thriller ever filmed," although its airplane scenes were shot on the ground with a prop plane. The Bull-Dogger, another famous Norman film, was shot in the all-black town of Boley, Oklahoma, and starred Bill Pickett, the renowned black rodeo performer credited with inventing bulldogging. Norman made feature films through 1928 and eventually devised a system that synchronized sound with moving images, but he sold fewer than 20 units before a competitor’s sound-on-film system rendered it obsolete. He remained active in film by producing industrial films and distributing other producers’ works until his death in 1960.