Camp Holabird, named for Quartermaster General Samuel B. Holabird (1826-1907), was established in 1917 as the Army's first motor transport training center and depot. It supplied World War I American Expeditionary Forces in France with Detroit-made vehicles and trained thousands to drive and repair automobiles and trucks. By 1920 it had become a center for the research and development of military vehicles. The Jeep, a World War II icon, was tested and refined here. From 1945 until its closure in 1972, it housed the Army Intelligence School.