POPCULTURE · HISTORICAL MARKER
Twin Galaxies
Ottumwa, Iowa
· The Historical Birthplace of Organized Competitive eSports
Pop Culture
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Twin Galaxies, founded by Jonathan David Bloch and Walter Aldro Day, Jr., at 226 East Main Street in Ottumwa, Iowa, on November 10, 1981, became history's most famous video game and pinball arcade and the birthplace of organized competitive eSports. It created the Twin Galaxies international scoreboard, which formulated the official rules for competitive eSports and crowned champions around the world in thousands of video games. Its contributions to the birth of the global eSports industry led Ottumwa Mayor Jerry Parker to proclaim Ottumwa the "Video Game Capital of the World" on November 30, 1982. As a cultural crossroads of competitive eSports, Ottumwa hosted major events including the famous Life magazine photoshoot on November 7, 1982, a famous video game championship filmed by ABC-TV's That's Incredible on January 8-9, 1983, Governor Terry Branstad's proclamation of Ottumwa as the "Video Game Capital of the World" on March 19, 1983, and the creation of the U.S. national video game team on July 25, 1983. Revered as the birthplace of the eSports age, Twin Galaxies was the only organization in the 1980s whose game-playing rules, high score statistics, and contest results were recognized and accepted by the Guinness World Records book. The arcade closed on March 6, 1984, but Twin Galaxies continued online at twingalaxies.com as the eSports industry's preeminent statistician, tournament organizer, adjudicator of world records, and chronicler of player achievements.
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