In 1900, the Virginia state legislature passed a law requiring separation of races in public spaces, including schools, restaurants, hotels, and public transportation, and on Virginia rail lines this meant separate cars or sections for African Americans and Native Americans. The W&OD Railway, then owned by the Southern Railway and called the Bluemont Branch, followed this system; after 1912, when it usually ran single passenger cars, separation took place within the cars, with African American riders seated to the rear, and some rail lines even used a curtain to divide the sections. Within a year of the law's passage, African Americans who refused to sit in a separate car or section were arrested and fined, and in a few cases white riders were charged for sitting in the rear of train cars. Segregation also extended to stations, where two waiting rooms were required, including a new station in Purcellville built with white and "colored" waiting spaces, while existing stations were altered with new walls or repurposed rooms to divide riders by race. In 1900, the District of Columbia National Guard moved its summer encampment from Leesburg, Virginia, to Gaithersburg, Maryland, to avoid requiring its African American soldiers to ride in a separate car on the Bluemont Branch, but a year later Maryland passed a similar law. Despite periodic lawsuits, many race segregation laws remained in effect in Virginia until the late 1960's.