Near Newtown in southwestern Ohio, the Turpin site preserves an important Fort Ancient village with several burial mounds and evidence of more than one cultural layer, including Late Woodland influence. Explored since the late eighteenth century, it was excavated repeatedly in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, yielding many burials and helping archaeologists identify unusual features such as numerous infant interments and few grave goods. Modern research classifies Turpin primarily as an Early Fort Ancient village influenced in part by Mississippian traditions. Because it became a key comparative benchmark for interpreting other Fort Ancient settlements in the Ohio River watershed, its significance was formally recognized in 1974.