ARTSCULTURE · HISTORICAL MARKER
Frank Lloyd Wright / The Francis W. Little House
Arts & Culture
10
At the turn of the century, many American architects, influenced by the Beaux Arts style and by copied Victorian designs, repeated earlier European work rather than developing new ideas. With Louis Sullivan, architecture moved beyond a blend of decorative and structural materials toward the idea that form follows function and that good architecture reflects human freedom and creativity. Frank Lloyd Wright broke with Sullivan in 1893 but became largely responsible for the wide acceptance of architecture as a social influence through what he called Usonian architecture, which focused attention on people rather than on buildings and on the changing needs of society. In March of 1903, Francis W. Little, an attorney and utility executive, broke ground on this site for a new Prairie style house designed by Wright, one of Wright's first Prairie houses and a work on which much of his later reputation would rest. Its main entrance is at ground level, with steps inside leading to an entry hall; its interior spaces are open, separated mainly by corners and low wood beams suggesting traffic patterns; stained glass panels provide indirect light in the living room, and the dining room is lighted from the center of its vaulted ceiling in the same way. Though many original furnishings designed by Wright are now in private collections or museums, some original furniture remains. With earth tone colors, natural materials, and a horizontal emphasis that blends with the land, the house represented a clean break with the past, not an evolution but an entirely new idea. Although Francis Little lived there less than a year, the house remains an outstanding example of an architectural beginning, and the modern ranch house is a direct descendant of Wright's Prairie houses, showing that his ideas prevailed.
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