From 1778 to 1958, Beaver County was the site of numerous national firsts. In November 1778, Fort McIntosh was erected at the present site of Beaver as the first United States military post on the northern side of the Ohio River. On September 30, 1785, Thomas Hutchins began the first survey of U.S. public lands at the Point of Beginning on the north bank of the Ohio River where it crosses Pennsylvania's western border. In 1792 and 1793, General Anthony Wayne established Legion Ville near present-day Ambridge as the first training ground for the U.S. Army. On July 4, 1833, Marcus T. C. Gould of New Brighton originated a system of stenography and invented the first self-supplying fountain pen. In 1857, Merrick, Hanna and Company made wrought iron railroad passenger cars in New Brighton, thought to be the first metal rail cars made in the United States. On September 21, 1860, S.M. Kier of Pittsburgh began refining petroleum from crude oil, perhaps the first in the county and one of the first in the country to do so. In 1878, Robert Magee Downie invented the first well drilling rig to be mounted on wheels. In 1884, Oliver Shallenberger invented the Wattsmeter, or electric meter, which allowed the public to use alternating current. In 1906, the Ingram-Richardson Manufacturing Company produced the first enameled license plates for automobiles. In July 1912, the Keystone Steam Driller Company began producing the Skimmer, a precursor of the backhoe. In 1918, White Mine in Cannelton opened as the first strip mine in America, and on April 20, 1918, the first porcelain enamel kitchen range in the U.S. was produced at Ingram-Richardson Manufacturing in Beaver Falls. On March 18, 1918, Daylight Savings Time was introduced to the U.S. by part-time Center Township resident Robert Garland. In 1922, the Beaver Falls Babcock and Wilcox Tube Company plant accomplished the first successful production and piercing of seamless stainless steel and pure nickel tubing in America. In 1929, American Bridge Company designed and built the first all-welded barge. In 1937, Darlington Polo Club was founded in Darlington and became the first club in the United States to have a lighted field, and on April 12, 1937, in National Relations Board vs. Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation, a case originating in Beaver County, the U.S. Supreme Court established the legal basis for collective bargaining between labor unions and employers. In 1947, George Charles Izenour, born in New Brighton, developed the first electronic dimming system for stage lighting, later used in television and theaters throughout the country. In 1948, Taylorcraft of Conway developed the first fiberglass composite airplane. On December 2, 1957, the world's first commercial electric plant powered by atomic energy went on line in Shippingport. In 1958, Jones and Laughlin Aliquippa Works operated America's first experimental Basic Oxygen Furnace.