The CSKT Bison Range on the Flathead Indian Reservation in western Montana was established in 1908 to conserve American bison and today protects grasslands, forests, riparian habitat, and ponds across 18,524 acres. Its history is tied to efforts to save bison from near-extinction, including Pend d’Oreille oral traditions, Michel Pablo and Charles Allard’s important herd, and the first animals added in 1909 by the American Bison Society and other donors. After more than a century of federal administration, the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes resumed management in 2022, restoring tribal stewardship to a landscape that also preserves endangered prairie habitat and abundant wildlife.