The Haudenosaunee, also known by the French term Iroquois, called themselves Haudenosaunee, meaning “they form a cabin,” and the longhouse was their symbol. They were an alliance called the Five Nations—the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, and Mohawk—and the Tuscaroras joined to make it Six Nations in 1722. The Seneca Nation’s aboriginal lands included Allegheny County, and the longhouse was the signature structure of the Haudenosaunee in the Northeastern United States as well as Eastern Canada. A typical longhouse housed multifamily units of up to 20 or more families and contained multiple hearths. Haudenosaunee society had a gendered worldview and was a matriarchy tracing descent from a common mother. Women controlled the longhouse, cultivated lands, and social life in “the clearing,” while men as warriors, chiefs, hunters, and trappers conducted their affairs away from the clearing in “the forests.” Women chose chiefs, whether temporarily or permanently, as leaders in political or ceremonial matters, and the women who made these leaders could also unmake them, often asserting this prerogative in matters involving land and war. Traditional dress included men’s leggings of deerskin or wool, women’s dresses with intricate Seneca beadwork, and the Seneca gustoweh, a cap with a single feather. Men also wore a crescent-shaped metal gorget, an item worn by both Indians and the English military; before European arrival, stone gorgets were worn as ornaments on the head or chest, and the English later gifted metal gorgets as tokens of goodwill. The purple and white wampum belt bearing the Six Nations symbol was an important form of communication used in ceremony, diplomacy, and recording treaties and other historical events. In Western Pennsylvania, the Haudenosaunee Confederacy invited the Lenape and Shawnee into their Pennsylvania territories after the Delaware Nation, or Lenni Lenape, came there around 1720 after being driven from the east by colonial expansion. As colonial mapmakers began surveying the area around 1750, many local names took on Lenape origins, including Aliquippa, Allegheny, Kiskiminetas, Kittanning, Monongahela, and Youghiogheny.