INDUSTRY · HISTORICAL MARKER
Coal Camp History
Industry
19
With the coming of railroads, thousands of workers seeking a new life entered the coalfields, and from the late 1800’s into the mid-1900’s many Appalachian miners lived in company towns known as coal camps. Mine operators built these company-owned towns along railroad lines to support the constant arrival of workers, and a large share of miners’ wages went back to the coal company for housing, tools, food, and other basic expenses. These towns generally included miners’ homes, a school, church, post office, and company store, and the simple houses were uniform in design and sometimes painted the same color throughout the town. Life in the camps depended on production from the coal seam, and in the early 30’s an estimated 465 company towns existed in West Virginia, where more than 90 percent of all miners lived in company-owned camps. Miners also found many modern amenities that had been unheard of before coal’s discovery, including electric power, public libraries, schools, doctors, and dentists. The baseball diamond was another important part of camp life, with games played on Sundays, the only day of the week when coal miners did not work. In 1930, Kingston coal camp had a population of more than 1200 people and included people from Canada, Lithuania, Argentina, Russia, Austria, Scotland, Cuba, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Greece, Poland, Romania, Italy, and Mexico. Westerly coal camp had a population of more than 660, including full-blooded Cherokees, African Americans, and immigrants from many nationalities. Most of these once populated and flourishing coal camps have disappeared from the landscape, leaving little evidence of their existence, and the Paint Creek Scenic Trail lies within the National Coal Heritage Area.
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