Tatoosh Wilderness is a protected alpine area in Washington within Gifford Pinchot National Forest beside Mount Rainier National Park. Congress designated it in 1984 to preserve the scenic mountain landscape of the Tatoosh Range, including Tatoosh Peak. Its name comes from Chinook Jargon, referring to rock outcrops on Butter Peak. Long before federal protection, Taidnapam, or Upper Cowlitz, people traveled seasonally into the range to hunt, gather basket-making materials, and collect huckleberries, continuing a long tradition reflected in archaeological evidence. A fire lookout built in 1932 later became part of the area's history; though the structure is gone, its foundations remain.