The first school at this location, built around 1875, was a single-story, one-room plan frame building that served the Sharptown District for over forty years. Built in 1919 to replace the first school, the two-story, hip-roofed frame structure was financed by several sources, including Wicomico County and local residents who donated the land, timber, and part of the labor. Community residents William L. and Mary Brown donated the lot on which the school stands. A third source of funding came from Julius Rosenwald, president of Sears, Roebuck and Co. The Julius Rosenwald Fund, administered through Booker T. Washington's Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, supported the construction of new and improved schools for black children throughout the Southern states during the early twentieth century. The school building remained in county use until 1961, when it was sold by the Board of Education. The San Domingo School is listed on the National Register of Historic Places because of its cultural and architectural importance.