On July 22, 1864, Bate’s division, together with Walker’s division of Hardee’s Army Corps (CS), moved up the Sugar Creek valley west of Terry’s Mill Pond and deployed in this area for a surprise attack on Federal troops posted northwest of here on Flat Shoals Road. While Bate’s division was being hastily shifted east of the creek, Lewis’ “Orphan Brigade” and part of Tyler’s were subjected to random artillery fire from Federal batteries to the north as they crossed the upper end of the mill pond and its swampy margin. Bate aligned his forces east of the creek and moved north in the wooded area, where they were confronted by the Federal 16th Army Corps.