During the Civil War, African American soldiers of the United States Colored Troops fought in the last battle of the war at Palmito Ranch on May 11, 1865. During Reconstruction, Buffalo Soldiers were stationed at Fort Brown and many sites along the U.S.-Mexico border. In 1906, troops of the 25th Infantry Regiment, distinguished veterans of the Spanish-American War, were briefly stationed here. Conflict between soldiers and townspeople culminated in violence in August 1906. In the aftermath of the Brownsville Raid, President Theodore Roosevelt dishonorably discharged 167 men without a trial. The U.S. Army and President Richard Nixon reversed that decision in 1972 with mostly posthumous honorable discharges.