Built in 1937-38, the Chesterfield Post Office is one of several New Deal-era post offices in South Carolina designed by the Public Works Division of the U.S. Department of the Treasury. Its architecture, a restrained version of the Colonial Revival style, is typical of later New Deal-era post offices. It also included offices for the county extension agent and county home demonstration agent under the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The post office features Bruno Mankowski's 1939 sculpture "The Farmer's Letter," a plaster relief commissioned by the Section of Fine Arts of the U.S. Department of the Treasury. The section commissioned art in many New Deal-era public buildings, including 13 murals and 3 sculptures in South Carolina. Mankowski intended his sculpture to highlight the relationship between the people and their government.