INDUSTRY · HISTORICAL MARKER
Dorflinger: America's Finest Glass...
White Mills, Pennsylvania
· ...Cut Crystal for Use in America's Finest Homes.
Industry
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After a glass blank was blown and annealed to room temperature, it went to the cutting department, where skilled workers used cast iron and stone wheels to cut the desired pattern or design, then used wooden and felt wheels and polishing brushes to smooth and polish the cuts. Each cutter worked at a cutting frame with two posts attached to a large wooden tub, with a stone wheel on a spindle between the posts, turned by belts from driveshafts powered by a large steam engine at the rear of the factory. A funnel-shaped hopper above the stone fed a mixture of water and abrasive to the revolving stone, and the wooden tub captured the used mixture. Blanks were first marked with guidelines, then passed through roughing, smoothing, and polishing, and later the company used hydrofluoric acid to polish items after smoothing. Acid etching was also used to create floral designs on the glass in the Kalana series introduced after 1907. In Dorflinger's factory, the smoothers section was on the upper floor of the cutting room, where dozens of cutting frames extended in two rows the length of the floor, skylights provided natural light, and a main driveshaft ran down the line with each frame having its own belt adjusted to the correct tension. In 1861, Dorflinger's Greenpoint Flint Glass Works produced a set of glasses for President Abraham and Mrs. Mary Todd Lincoln with a fine-cut design and a copper wheel engraved variation of the Presidential seal, and this pattern was used in the White House for the next thirty years until it was replaced by the pattern produced for President Benjamin Harrison in 1891, with Dorflinger's company and several others making replacements as needed.
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