Mount Alderson is a 2,692-metre peak in Alberta's Waterton Lakes National Park, rising among nearby summits such as Mount Richards, Bertha Peak, and the higher Mount Custer. It was named for Sir Edwin Alfred Hervey Alderson, a senior British Army officer who later commanded the Canadian Corps during the First World War, and the name was officially adopted in 1943. Like other mountains in the park, it is formed of sedimentary rock laid down from the Precambrian to the Jurassic in shallow seas, then thrust eastward over younger Cretaceous rock during the Laramide orogeny. Its subarctic climate brings cold, snowy winters, mild summers, and runoff into Waterton Lake and the Waterton River.