During World War II, Richmond's miles of undeveloped shoreline and access to the deep waters of the bay made it the location of the largest and most productive shipyards. People came from all over the country to work in the shipyards, cannery, and other industries, and ships were sent out every day from three yards, with women doing much of this work. The U.S. government and private industrialists partnered in new ways to create innovative plants and production methods that rapidly supplied the war effort, helping lay the groundwork for what President Einsenhower later called the “Military/Industrial Complex.” Henry J. Kaiser's company, the Permanente Metals Corporation, designed and constructed Shipyard #3 as a permanent facility, which is one reason it remains relatively intact. Although the shipbuilding and wartime industry is gone, the port is still active, and five historic buildings remain: the machine shop, general warehouse, riggers loft with paint and sheet metal shop, first-aid station, and cafeteria. In 1945, when the war ended, most of the shipyard shut down, and with returning servicemen re-entering the workforce, tens of thousands of shipyard workers, many of them women and people of color, were laid off.