Jacksonport's location at the meeting of the Black and White Rivers shaped its history and natural resources. Founded as a river port town in the mid-19th century, it thrived on the steamboat trade and became a center of commerce and a valuable target for both Union and Confederate troops during the American Civil War. Its prominence and prosperity led to its nomination as the Jackson County seat in 1853. In 1872 the new two-story brick courthouse was completed, and it became the focal point of the county's justice and government for another 20 years. When the railroad line bypassed Jacksonport and passed through nearby Newport, river transportation dwindled and the town fell into decline. Today the area preserves both its rich history and valuable natural resources.