Buckhorn Wilderness is a 44,319-acre protected mountain area on the northeastern Olympic Peninsula in Washington, in Olympic National Forest beside Olympic National Park. Established by Congress in 1984 as the largest of five wilderness areas in the forest, it includes major elevation changes from river valleys to high peaks, with Buckhorn Mountain the tallest summit entirely within the area and Mount Fricaba the highest point on its boundary. Lying in the Olympic rain shadow, it is drier than much of the range, yet still supports old-growth forest below and alpine vegetation above. Trails, dramatic terrain, and the historic Tubal Cain mine make it an important and accessible part of the Olympics.