Founded in 1862 as the Buffalo Historical Society under first president Millard Fillmore, the Buffalo History Museum occupies the former New York State pavilion built in 1901 for the Pan-American Exposition, the fair’s only surviving permanent structure. Designed by George Cary with classical features inspired by the Parthenon, the building later gained national recognition for its architectural and historical importance. The museum preserves Buffalo and Niagara Frontier history through exhibitions, a major research library, and longstanding scholarly work. Its collections also include artifacts tied to the exposition, including the gun used in the shooting of President William McKinley.