Upland Island Wilderness is a protected wilderness area in East Texas within Angelina National Forest, managed by the U.S. Forest Service and encompassing 13,331 acres. Named by conservationist Edward C. Fritz, who led the successful campaign for wilderness designation of East Texas lands in 1984, it is one of five designated wilderness areas in the region. The area is managed to remain primitive and natural through regulations limiting certain activities. Its significance lies in the unusual range of ecosystems preserved in one tract, including upland longleaf pine forest, pitcher plant bogs with wild azaleas and orchids, bottomland hardwood forest, and palmetto flats along the Neches River.